# Textiles - Consumer Sewing Machine


1-8: Singer Heavy Duty 4423

Clearance: Not required, but we offer skills & safety classes if you do better with guidance

# Manual(s)

*Manuals and other reference materials from the manufacturer or other sources.*

- [Singer Heavy Duty 4423 Instruction Manual](https://svpworldwide.widen.net/view/pdf/pwfntm3hxz/IM_4423Q50DSTEN.ES.FR140917.pdf)

# Member Notes



# Resources

*Where to obtain materials, consumables, and tooling.*

### CONSUMABLES

Appropriate needles and bobbins are available in the consumables section of our store front. Both are sold individually for ease and convenience.

Members are reasonable for bringing their own thread and fabric.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-needles%3A%C2%A0singer-2020"><div class="level3">- <div class="li">Needles: Singer 2020 70/9 or 110/18 9(70) 18(110)</div>

</div></div>Standard sharp needles. Sizes range thin to large.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-bobbins%3A%C2%A0singer-clas"><div class="level3">- <div class="li">Bobbins: Singer Class 15  
    </div>

</div></div>Transparent for ease of monitoring the amount of thread available during use.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-thread-%26-fabric%3A%C2%A0-al"><div class="level3">- <div class="li">Thread &amp; Fabric: </div>

- <div class="li">Always use the same thread in the upper tension and in the bobbin.</div>
- <div class="li">Light-medium weight fabrics are approved for use on this machine.</div>
- <div class="li">For heavy weight fabrics, please refer to our [Industrial Sewing Machines](https://wiki.protohaven.org/search?term=%5Btextiles_group%3Dindustrial%5D "https://protohaven.org/wiki/tools/imported/industrial_straight_stitch_tool_tutorial").</div>

</div></div>

# Tool Tutorial

(Link to PDF Tool Tutorial)

<span style="background-color: rgb(241, 196, 15);">TODO: factor out content shared with other textiles machines</span>

# Warnings

🚫 Do not push or pull material while stitching.

⚠️ Power off the machine before threading, inserting the bobbin, or handling the needle.

⚠️ Keep fingers away from all moving parts!

See the Safety Section for more information.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-"></div>## Tool Anatomy

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--1"></div>### BASIC MACHINE ANATOMY

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image12.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image12.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image12.jpg")

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-thread-tension-dial-"><div class="level3">1. <div class="li">Thread tension dial - regulates the tension of thread from the spool</div>
2. <div class="li">Thread take-up lever - part of the thread feeding mechanism that pulls thread off the spool</div>
3. <div class="li">Reverse sewing lever - engages the machine to sew in reverse</div>
4. <div class="li">Thread cutter - an attached tool to cut threads after stitch has been completed</div>
5. <div class="li">Presser foot - holds materials to be stitched to the bed</div>
6. <div class="li">Bobbin winding spindle - pin that holds the bobbin during bobbin winding</div>
7. <div class="li">Stitch width dial - adjusts the width of a stitch</div>
8. <div class="li">Stitch length dial - adjusts the length of the stitch</div>
9. <div class="li">Pattern selector dial - adjusts the type of stitch</div>
10. <div class="li">Automatic threader - needle threading tool</div>

</div></div>[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image20.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image20.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image20.jpg")

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-horizontal-spool-pin"><div class="level3">1. <div class="li">Horizontal spool pin - holds the spool for the top thread</div>
2. <div class="li">Bobbin winding spindle - pin that holds the bobbin during bobbin winding</div>
3. <div class="li">Handwheel - manually advances the machine (turn counter clockwise only!)</div>
4. <div class="li">Power and light switch - on/off switch</div>
5. <div class="li">Presser foot lifter - lever that raises and lowers presser foot</div>
6. <div class="li">Foot pedal - controls the speed</div>

</div></div>## Tool Safety

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--4"></div>### Common Hazards

The most common hazards are thread jams and broken needles.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-watch-for-top-thread"><div class="level3">- <div class="li">Watch for top thread and/or bobbin thread to bind up, jam, and birds nest.</div>
- <div class="li">Avoid pulling/pushing fabric, which may misalign needles and cause breakage.  
    </div>

</div></div>The most significant hazard is injury

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-always-power-off-the"><div class="level3">- <div class="li">Always power off the machine before threading, clipping out jams, or replacing broken needles.</div>
- <div class="li">Keep fingers away from all moving parts.</div>
- <div class="li">Special care is required around the sewing machine needle.</div>

</div></div>### Prohibited Materials

Thread Jams and needle breakage are critical concerns. Material that is too thick or rigid will lead to needle breakage. Material that is too slick (plasticized or otherwise “finished”) will slide against the presser foot and cause thread jams and/or needle breakage.

For those reasons, it is important to avoid:

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-abrasives-leather-he"><div class="level3">- <div class="li">Abrasives</div>
- <div class="li">Leather</div>
- <div class="li">Heavy Weight Canvas</div>
- <div class="li">Plastics</div>
- <div class="li">Rigid Material (non-fabric)</div>
- <div class="li">Rubber</div>
- <div class="li">Vinyl</div>

</div></div>If you’d like to work with material beyond what the Singer Heavy-Duty is rated for, please refer to our [Industrial Sewing Machines.](https://wiki.protohaven.org/search?term=%5Btextiles_group%3Dindustrial%5D)

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--5"></div>## Initial Setup

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--6"></div>### SETUP CHECKLIST

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-wind%C2%A0the-bobbin-ensu"><div class="level3">1. <div class="li">Wind the bobbin</div>
2. <div class="li">Ensure the needle is usable, replace if needed</div>
3. <div class="li">Thread the needle (aka top thread assembly)</div>
4. <div class="li">Insert the bobbin</div>
5. <div class="li">Select the stitch type</div>
6. <div class="li">Set the stitch width</div>
7. <div class="li">Align test fabric</div>
8. <div class="li">Lower presser foot and begin operation</div>

</div></div>### WINDING THE BOBBIN

Appropriate bobbins (singer class 15) are available in the consumables section of our store front.

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image13.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image13.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image13.jpg")

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image22.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image22.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image22.jpg")

Load thread and corresponding spool holder onto the spool pin (1/2).

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image9.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image9.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image9.jpg")

Gently snap the thread into the thread guide (3).

Then, wind the thread clockwise around the tension discs (4).

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image1.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image1.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image1.jpg")

Thread the bobbin as illustrated (5) and place the bobbin onto the spindle.

Then, engage “bobbin winding mode” by gently pushing the bobbin to the right (6).

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image2.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image2.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image2.jpg")

Hold the end of the thread (7) and step on the foot pedal (8) to begin winding.

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image23.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image23.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image23.jpg")

Cut the thread (9), disengage “bobbin winding mode” by pushing to the bobbin to the left (10), and remove the bobbin.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--13"></div>### INSERTING THE BOBBIN

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image29.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image29.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image29.jpg")

Ensure the power is off.

Turn the handwheel counterclockwise (1) until the needle is fully raised.

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image15.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image15.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image15.jpg")

Insert the bobbin into the bobbin case (2) with the thread running counterclockwise.

Then, pull the thread through slit “A” (3).

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image11.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image11.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image11.jpg")

Draw the thread clockwise (4) until it slips into notch “B”.

Pull about 6 inches of thread and re-attach the bobbin cover plate.

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image25.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image25.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image25.jpg")

Hold the upper thread with the left hand while turning the handwheel counterclockwise (1). This will lower and then raise the needle.

Note: If it is difficult to raise the bobbin thread, check to make sure the thread is not trapped by the hinged cover or the Removable Extension Table.

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image7.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image7.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image7.jpg")

Gently pull on the upper thread to bring the bobbin thread up through the needle plate hole.

Then, lay both threads to the back under the presser foot.

If the thread is looping or birdnesting on the top of the fabric, this is an indication that the bobbin thread has not been threaded correctly.

### REPLACING THE NEEDLE

Appropriate needles (singer 2020 9(70) or 18(110)) are available in the consumables section of our store front.

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image14.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image14.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image14.jpg")

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-power-off-the-machin"><div class="level3">1. <div class="li">Power off the machine.</div>
2. <div class="li">Loosen the needle clamp screw (A) and re-tighten after replacing the needle.</div>
3. <div class="li">Ensure that the flat side of the needle shaft (B) is towards the back.</div>
4. <div class="li">Insert the needle as far up as it will go (C/D).</div>

</div></div>### Worn or Damaged Needles

![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image24.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")

It is important to replace needles regularly. Problems can occur with:

A. Damaged points

B. Bent Needles

C. Blunt needles

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--20"><div class="level3">  
</div></div>### THREADING THE NEEDLE

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image26.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image26.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image26.jpg")

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image21.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image21.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image21.jpg")

Ensure the power is off.

Turn the handwheel counterclockwise (1) until the needle just barely begins to descend.

Raise the presser foot to release the tension discs.

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image18.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image18.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image18.jpg")

Lift the spool pin and place the spool of thread onto the holder (2).

Note: for small thread spools, invert the spool holder so that the small side is touching the spool of thread.

Pass the thread through the upper thread guide (3).

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image6.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image6.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image6.jpg")Then, pull the thread through the pre-tension spring (4).

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image4.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image4.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image4.jpg")

Draw the thread down the right channel and, then, up the left channel (5) to wrap the thread into the tension module.

Pass the thread from right to left through the slotted eye of the take-up lever and then downwards again (6).

[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image19.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image19.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image19.jpg")

Pass the thread behind the thread guide and behind the wire clamp guide (7).

Then, pass the thread down and through the eye of the needle from front to back (7).

Pull about 6-8 inches of thread through the needle eye and trim (8).

## Operation

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-setup%C2%A0the-machine-te"><div class="level2">1. <div class="li">Setup the machine  
    </div>
2. <div class="li">Test the stitch on scrap or similar fabric to what you will be sewing  
    </div>
3. <div class="li">Adjust the tension and stitch length  
    </div>
4. <div class="li">Remove test and trim threads  
    </div>
5. <div class="li">Align project fabric  
    </div>
6. <div class="li">Lower the presser foot  
    </div>
7. <div class="li">Step on the foot pedal  
    </div>
8. <div class="li">Back stitch/reverse to keep your stitch from unraveling  
    </div>
9. <div class="li">Sew sew sew!  
    </div>
10. <div class="li">Cleanup</div>

</div></div>### ADJUSTING THE TENSION

Proper tension is critical for strong seams. The basic thread tension setting is “4”. 90% of all sewing will be between “3” and “5”, but each stitch type, thread, and fabric requires individual testing and adjustment.

To increase the tension, turn the dial to the next number up. To reduce the tension, turn the dial to the next number down.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-normal-tension-for-s"><div class="level3"><div class="table sectionedit18"><table class="inline"><tbody><tr class="row0"><td class="col0 leftalign">[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image3.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image3.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image3.jpg")</td><td class="col1 leftalign">[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image5.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image5.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image5.jpg")</td></tr><tr class="row1"><td class="col0 leftalign">Normal tension for straight stitch sewing.</td><td class="col1 leftalign">Too loose for straight stitch sewing.  
Turn the dial clockwise to increase tension.</td></tr><tr class="row2"><td class="col0 leftalign">[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image27.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image27.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image27.jpg")</td><td class="col1 leftalign">[![021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image17.jpg "021Q5D0101(D)(EN.ES.FR).cdr")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image17.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image17.jpg")</td></tr><tr class="row3"><td class="col0">Too tight for straight stitch sewing.  
Turn the dial counter clockwise to reduce the tension.  
</td><td class="col1">Normal tension for zig zag and decorative sewing.  
Correct tension is when a small amount of the upper thread appears on the bottom side of fabric.  
</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div></div>### BACK STITCH/REVERSE SEWING

[![](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image16.png)](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image16.png?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image16.png")

To secure the beginning and the end of a seam, press down the reverse sewing lever (A). Then, sew a few reverse stitches.

Release the lever and continue sewing forward.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--27"><div class="level3">  
</div></div>## Cleanup

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-power-off%C2%A0the-machin"><div class="level2">1. <div class="li">Power off the machine and ensure all controls are set to the off (“O”) position.  
    </div>
2. <div class="li">Unthread top needle and spool  
    </div>
3. <div class="li">Remove bobbin  
    </div>
4. <div class="li">Wipe down, vacuum, and blow out lint and stray thread clippings  
    </div>
5. <div class="li">Sweep up threads, lint and debris and deposit in waste bins  
    </div>

</div></div>### Maintenance Requests

Notify a tech and record issues at [protohaven.org/maintenance](https://protohaven.org/maintenance "https://protohaven.org/maintenance"). This informs our staff and volunteer maintenance crew of any issues.

## Troubleshooting

Please note any maintenance needs or concerns on both the physical maintenance tag and [protohaven.org/maintenance](http://protohaven.org/maintenance "http://protohaven.org/maintenance")

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-common-issues-possib"><div class="level2"><div class="table sectionedit23"><table class="inline"><thead><tr class="row0"><th class="col0">**Common Issues**</th><th class="col1">**Possible Causes**</th><th class="col2">**Resolutions**</th><th class="col3 leftalign"> </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="row1"><td class="col0">Thread is looping or birdnesting on the top of the fabric</td><td class="col1 leftalign">Error in threading the bobbin.  
  
</td><td class="col2 leftalign">Remove all fabric and thread.  
  
  
  
Then, rethread the machine and start again.</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr><tr class="row2"><td class="col0 leftalign">Thread Jams</td><td class="col1">Error in threading top or bobbin thread</td><td class="col2 leftalign">Remove all fabric and thread.  
  
  
  
Then, rethread the machine and start again.</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr><tr class="row3"><td class="col0 leftalign"> </td><td class="col1 leftalign">Inappropriate tension</td><td class="col2 leftalign">Remove all fabric and thread.  
  
  
  
Then, rethread the machine and adjust tension +/- (test on scrap material)</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr><tr class="row4"><td class="col0 leftalign">Decorative stitch is puckering fabric</td><td class="col1 leftalign">Tension is too tight</td><td class="col2 leftalign">Remove all fabric and thread.  
  
  
  
Then, rethread the machine and reduce tension</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr><tr class="row5"><td class="col0 leftalign">Broken Needle</td><td class="col1 leftalign">Material is too thick</td><td class="col2">Remove all fabric and thread.  
  
  
  
Replace needle, rethread the machine, and reduce the amount of layers being sewn and/or use thinner materials.</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr><tr class="row6"><td class="col0 leftalign"> </td><td class="col1 leftalign">Dull/Bent/Improper Needle selection</td><td class="col2 leftalign">Remove all fabric and thread.  
  
  
  
Replace needle and rethread the machine. Then, start again.</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div></div>## Special Setups

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--28"><div class="level2">  
</div></div>### BUTTON HOLES &amp; BUTTONS

Buttonhole sewing requires the use of the buttonhole foot. The buttonhole foot is stored in the sewing checkout kit at the front desk.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--29"><div class="level3">  
</div></div>### STRETCH STITCH

The stretch stitch patterns are indicated in blue on the pattern selector dial. To select these, turn the pattern selector dial to the desired pattern. Then, turn the stitch length dial to “S1”.

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--30"><div class="level3">  
</div></div>## Additional Resources

[Singer Heavy-Duty 4423 Manual](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rgQwUlokkHTjFUOZpTcBueumGMGkskdV/ "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rgQwUlokkHTjFUOZpTcBueumGMGkskdV/")

[Singer Tutorial: Threading the Bobbin](https://youtu.be/IN0NzPlcrtY&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615704806&usg=AOvVaw3FxpMKkKOcHqNJKJbCeDoM "https://youtu.be/IN0NzPlcrtY&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615704806&usg=AOvVaw3FxpMKkKOcHqNJKJbCeDoM")

[Singer Tutorial: Automatic Needle Threader](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v%3Dq8aiE0NlLfU%26feature%3Dyoutu.be&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615705198&usg=AOvVaw1wTQyvK7tN5xulc5bX0br9 "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v%3Dq8aiE0NlLfU%26feature%3Dyoutu.be&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615705198&usg=AOvVaw1wTQyvK7tN5xulc5bX0br9")

[Sewing Master: Threading &amp; Winding the Bobbin](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v%3DQ8xr-iW54Ls&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615705582&usg=AOvVaw1NzNOcUvUVlTe3Hd0wvMUZ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v%3DQ8xr-iW54Ls&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615705582&usg=AOvVaw1NzNOcUvUVlTe3Hd0wvMUZ")

[Sewing Master: Tension Test](https://youtu.be/ChaRW3koO9E&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615705907&usg=AOvVaw22VbWvvPsksxan8iW0ZZpp "https://youtu.be/ChaRW3koO9E&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615705907&usg=AOvVaw22VbWvvPsksxan8iW0ZZpp")

[Sewing Master: Denim Seam](https://youtu.be/0QSpgisogfU&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615706209&usg=AOvVaw1nZ0HR458dmFQPPiMrSwWC "https://youtu.be/0QSpgisogfU&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615706209&usg=AOvVaw1nZ0HR458dmFQPPiMrSwWC")

[Sewing Master: Selecting Thread](https://youtu.be/vhG7qsL3ru8&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615706496&usg=AOvVaw3psQh38s_bytRxeAFUCFqo "https://youtu.be/vhG7qsL3ru8&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615706496&usg=AOvVaw3psQh38s_bytRxeAFUCFqo")

[Everything Eboni: Troubleshooting Tension Issues](https://youtu.be/dDClSCtmPgA&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615706845&usg=AOvVaw26s72r0NkdPE02BjSlXgss "https://youtu.be/dDClSCtmPgA&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1676742615706845&usg=AOvVaw26s72r0NkdPE02BjSlXgss")

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk--31"><div class="level2">  
</div></div>### Check Out Kit

[![consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image28.jpg](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_media/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image28.jpg "consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image28.jpg")](https://protohaven.org/wiki/_detail/tools/consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image28.jpg?id=tools%3Asewing_machine%3Astart "tools:consumer_sewing_machine_tool_tutorial_image28.jpg")

<div class="section_highlight_wrapper" id="bkmrk-foot-pedal-all-purpo"><div class="level3">- <div class="li">Foot Pedal</div>
- <div class="li">All purpose foot</div>
- <div class="li">Zipper foot</div>
- <div class="li">Buttonhole foot</div>
- <div class="li">Button sewing foot</div>
- <div class="li">Seam ripper w/ lint brush</div>
- <div class="li">Edge quilting guide</div>
- <div class="li">Screw driver</div>
- <div class="li">Thread spool caps</div>
- <div class="li">Spool pin felt</div>
- <div class="li">Auxiliary spool pin</div>

</div></div>